Does myopia progression affect adulthood?
Myopia, commonly known as near-sightedness, typically begins in children aged between six and 14 years. It usually worsens until the late teens or early twenties before stabilising. An estimated 5% of preschoolers are affected, with 9% of school aged children developing it and 30% of adolescents. However, it’s possible for myopia to begin and progress in adults. Here, we explore the reasons for this and discuss risk factors for other eye problems as well as treatment for myopia.
Causes of adult onset myopia and myopia progression
Myopia is a refractive error that is usually caused by the eyeball being too long or oval-shaped rather than round. Our genetics play a part in its development: it is more likely to occur in an individual if one or both of their parents have it. If there is a genetic predisposition for myopia, the following factors may influence its development or progression in adulthood:
Environment
Near-work activities such as reading, working at computers and extensive use of digital devices are known to cause eye strain and contribute to the development of myopia. Excessive exposure to artificial light and/or not enough natural light exposure can also increase the risk of it occurring.
Lifestyle
As adults go through life they often experience changes. Their physical activity may decrease, for example, or their diet may change. Lack of regular exercise and a diet that is low in essential nutrients can have an impact on visual health, potentially leading to myopia.
Medical conditions
Diabetes is a condition that often affects the blood vessels in the eye. Those impacted by it may therefore experience myopia. Cataracts or other eye diseases can also alter the shape of the lens or cornea, leading to myopia.
Myopia and other eye diseases
Several studies have linked worsening or high myopia (severe near-sightedness) in adults to eye diseases such as glaucoma, retinal detachment and myopic macular degeneration. As such, it’s important to visit an optician if you notice changes in your vision.
Treatment for adult myopia
Treatment for the onset or progression of myopia in adulthood is usually similar to that for children. Regular eye tests are required to monitor it, and eye correction measures such as glasses or contact lenses resolve refractive errors. Refractive surgery is also a possibility for those whose myopia has stabilised.
In addition, lifestyle changes such as taking regular screen breaks and spending more time outside may be recommended to slow further progression.
Myopia diagnosis and management with The Eye Establishment
The onset and progression of myopia in adults can impact daily life and wellbeing if left untreated. Here at The Eye Establishment, our skilled optometrists will help you understand and manage your myopia with prescription glasses and lifestyle recommendations. Our comprehensive sight tests also include eye health checks to ensure there are no other issues affecting your vision.
Visit our boutique opticians in Kensington and Chelsea today for an eye exam or to chat to our specialists about your optical needs.
